Nobel Hoá Học

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<span style='font-size:18'>Những nhà Hoá Học đã đoạt giải Nobel:

Năm Tên người đoạt giải

2001 William S. Knowles, Ryoji Noyori, K. Barry Sharpless

2000 Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid, Hii Shirakawa

1999 Ahmed H. Zewail

1998 Walter Kohn, John A. Pople

1997 Paul D. Boyer, John E. Walker, Jens C. Skou

1996 Robert F. Curl Jr., Sir Harold W. Kroto, Richard E. Smalley

1995 Paul J. Crutzen, Mario J. Molina, F. Sherwood Rowland

1994 George A. Olah

1993 Kary B. Mullis, Michael Smith

1992 Rudolph A. Marcus

1991 Richard R. Ernst

1990 Elias James Corey

1989 Sidney Altman, Thomas R. Cech

1988 Johann Deisenhofer, Robert Huber, Hartmut Michel

1987 Donald J. Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn, Charles J. Pedersen

1986 Dudley R. Herschbach, Yuan T. Lee, John C. Polanyi

1985 Herbert A. Hauptman, Jerome Karle

1984 Robert Bruce Merrifield

1983 Henry Taube

1982 Aaron Klug

1981 Kenichi Fukui, Roald Hoffmann

1980 Paul Berg, Walter Gilbert, Frederick Sanger

1979 Herbert C. Brown, Georg Wittig

1978 Peter D. Mitchell

1977 Ilya Prigogine

1976 William N. Lipscomb

1975 John Warcup Cornforth, Vladimir Prelog

1974 Paul J. Flory

1973 Ernst Otto Fischer, Geoffrey Wilkinson

1972 Christian B. Anfinsen, Stanford Moore, William H. Stein

1971 Gerhard Herzberg

1970 Luis F. Leloir

1969 Derek H. R. Barton, Odd Hassel

1968 Lars Onsager

1967 Manfred Eigen, Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, George Porter

1966 Robert S. Mulliken

1965 Robert Burns Woodward

1964 Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin

1963 Karl Ziegler, Giulio Natta

1962 Max Ferdinand Perutz, John Cowdery Kendrew

1961 Melvin Calvin

1960 Willard Frank Libby

1959 Jaroslav Heyrovsky

1958 Frederick Sanger

1957 Lord (Alexander R.) Todd

1956 Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov

1955 Vincent du Vigneaud

1954 Linus Carl Pauling

1953 Hermann Staudinger

1952 Archer John Porter Martin, Richard Laurence Millington Synge

1951 Edwin Mattison McMillan, Glenn Theodore Seaborg

1950 Otto Paul Hermann Diels, Kurt Alder

1949 William Francis Giauque

1948 Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius

1947 Sir Robert Robinson

1946 James Batcheller Sumner, John Howard Northrop, Wendell Meredith Stanley

1945 Artturi Ilmari Virtanen

1944 Otto Hahn

1943 George de Hevesy

1942 The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section

1941 The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section

1940 The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section

1939 Adolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt, Leopold Ruzicka

1938 Richard Kuhn

1937 Walter Norman Haworth, Paul Karrer

1936 Petrus (Peter) Josephus Wilhelmus Debye

1935 Frédéric Joliot, Irène Joliot-Curie

1934 Harold Clayton Urey

1933 The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section

1932 Irving Langmuir

1931 Carl Bosch, Friedrich Bergius

1930 Hans Fischer

1929 Arthur Harden, Hans Karl August Simon von Euler-Chelpin

1928 Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus

1927 Heinrich Otto Wieland

1926 The (Theodor) Svedberg

1925 Richard Adolf Zsigmondy

1924 The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section

1923 Fritz Pregl

1922 Francis William Aston

1921 Frederick Soddy

1920 Walther Hermann Nernst

1919 The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section

1918 Fritz Haber

1917 The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section

1916 The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section

1915 Richard Martin Willstätter

1914 Theodore William Richards

1913 Alfred Werner

1912 Victor Grignard, Paul Sabatier

1911 Marie Curie, née Sklodowska

1910 Otto Wallach

1909 Wilhelm Ostwald

1908 Ernest Rutherford

1907 Eduard Buchner

1906 Henri Moissan

1905 Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer

1904 Sir William Ramsay

1903 Svante August Arrhenius

1902 Hermann Emil Fischer

1901 Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1901

the Netherlands

Berlin University
Berlin, Germany
b.1852
d.1911

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1902
"in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his work on sugar and purine syntheses
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1902/fischer.jpg>
Hermann Emil Fischer

Germany

Berlin University
Berlin, Germany
b.1852
d.1919

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1903
"in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered to the advancement of chemistry by his electrolytic theory of sociation"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1903/arrhenius.jpg>
Svante August Arrhenius

Sweden

Stockholm University
Stockholm, Sweden
b.1859
d.1927

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1904
"in recognition of his services in the covery of the inert gaseous elements in air, and his determination of their place in the periodic system"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1904/ramsay.jpg>
Sir William Ramsay

United Kingdom

London University
London, United Kingdom
b.1852
d.1916

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1905
"in recognition of his services in the advancement of organic chemistry and the chemical industry, through his work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1905/baeyer.jpg>
Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer

Germany

Munich University
Munich, Germany
b.1835
d.1917

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1906
"in recognition of the great services rendered by him in his investigation and isolation of the element fluorine, and for the adoption in the service of science of the electric furnace called after him
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1906/moissan.jpg>
Henri Moissan

France

Sorbonne University
Paris, France
b.1852
d.1907

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1907
"for his biochemical researches and his covery of cell-free fermentation"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1907/buchner.jpg>
Germany

Landwirtschaftliche Hochschule (Agricultural College)
Berlin, Germany
b.1860
d.1917

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1908
"for his investigations into the integration of the elements, and the chemistry of radioactive substances

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1908/rutherford.jpg>
Ernest Rutherford

United Kingdom

Victoria University
Manchester, United Kingdom
b.1871
d.1937

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1909
"in recognition of his work on catalysis and for his investigations into the fundamental principles governing chemical equilibria and rates of reaction"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1909/ostwald.jpg>
Wilhelm Ostwald

Germany

Leipzig University
Leipzig, Germany
b.1853
d.1932

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1910
"in recognition of his services to organic chemistry and the chemical industry by his pioneer work in the field of alicyclic compounds"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1910/wallach.jpg>
Otto Wallach

Germany

Goettingen University
Goettingen, Germany
b.1847
d.1931

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<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/chemistry.jpg>
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1911
"in recognition of her services to the advancement of chemistry by the covery of the elements radium and polonium, by the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of this remarkable element"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1911/marie-curie.jpg>
Marie Curie, n饠Sklodowska

France

Sorbonne University
Paris, France
b.1867
d.1934

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1912
"for the covery of the so-called Grignard reagent, which in recent years has greatly advanced the progress of organic chemistry"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1912/grignard.jpg>
Victor Grignard
1/2 of the prize
France
Nancy University
Nancy, France
b.1871
d.1935
"for his method of hydrogenating organic compounds in the presence of finely integrated metals whereby the progress of organic chemistry has been greatly advanced in recent years"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1912/sabatier.jpg>

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1913
"in recognition of his work on the linkage of atoms in molecules by which he has thrown new light on earlier investigations and opened up new fields of research especially in inorganic chemistry"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1913/werner.jpg>
Alfred Werner

Switzerland

University of Zurich
Zurich, Switzerland
b.1866
d.1919

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1914
"in recognition of his accurate determinations of the atomic weight of a large number of chemical elements"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1914/richards.jpg>
Theodore William Richards

USA

Harvard University
Cambridge, MA, USA
b.1868
d.1928

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1915
"for his researches on plant pigments, especially chlorophyll"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1915/willstatter.jpg>
Richard Martin Willst䴴er

Germany

Munich University
Munich, Germany
b.1872
d.1942

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1916
The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1917
The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1918
"for the synthesis of ammonia from its elements"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1918/haber.jpg>
Fritz Haber

Germany

Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut (now Fritz-Haber-Institut) fਹsikalische Chemie und Electrochemie
Berlin-Dahlem, Germany
b.1868
d.1934

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1919
The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1920
"in recognition of his work in thermochemistry

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1920/nernst.jpg>
Walther Hermann Nernst

Germany

Berlin University
Berlin, Germany
b.1864
d.1941

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1921
"for his contributions to our knowledge of the chemistry of radioactive substances, and his investigations into the origin and nature of isotopes"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1921/soddy.jpg>
Frederick Soddy

United Kingdom

Oxford University
Oxford, United Kingdom
b.1877
d.1956

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1922
"for his covery, by means of his mass spectrograph, of isotopes, in a large number of non-radioactive elements, and for his enunciation of the whole-number rule"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1922/aston.jpg>
Francis William Aston

United Kingdom

University of Cambridge
Cambridge, United Kingdom
b.1877
d.1945

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1923
"for his invention of the method of micro-analysis of organic substances"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1923/pregl.jpg>
Fritz Pregl

Austria

Graz University
Graz, Austria
b.1869
d.1930

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1924
The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1925
"for his demonstration of the heterogenous nature of colloid solutions and for the methods he used, which have since become fundamental in modern colloid chemistry"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1925/zsigmondy.jpg>
Richard Adolf Zsigmondy

Germany

Goettingen University
Goettingen, Germany
b.1865
(in Vienna, Austria)
d.1929

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1926
"for his work on perse systems"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1926/svedberg.jpg>
The (Theodor) Svedberg

Sweden

Uppsala University
Uppsala, Sweden
b.1884
d.1971

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1927
"for his investigations of the constitution of the bile acids and related substances"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1927/wieland.jpg>
Heinrich Otto Wieland

Germany

Munich University
Munich, Germany
b.1877
d.1957

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1928
"for the services rendered through his research into the constitution of the sterols and their connection with the vitamins"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1928/windaus.jpg>
Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus

Germany

Goettingen University
Goettingen, Germany
b.1876
d.1959

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1929
"for their investigations on the fermentation of sugar and fermentative enzymes"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1929/harden.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1929/euler-chelpin.jpg>
Arthur Harden Hans Karl August Simon von Euler-Chelpin
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
United Kingdom Sweden

London University
London, United Kingdom Stockholm University
Stockholm, Sweden
b.1865
d.1940 b.1873
(in Augsburg, Germany)
d.1964

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1930
"for his researches into the constitution of haemin and chlorophyll and especially for his synthesis of haemin"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1930/fischer.jpg>
Hans Fischer

Germany

Technische Hochschule (Institute of Technology)
Munich, Germany
b.1881
d.1945

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1931
"in recognition of their contributions to the invention and development of chemical high pressure methods"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1931/bosch.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1931/bergius.jpg>
Carl Bosch Friedrich Bergius
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
Germany Germany

University of Heidelberg; I.G. Farbenindustrie A.G.
Heidelberg, Germany University of Heidelberg
Heidelberg, Germany; I.G. Farbenindustrie A.G.
Mannheim-Rheinau, Germany
b.1874
d.1940 b.1884
d.1949

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1932
"for his coveries and investigations in surface chemistry"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1932/langmuir.jpg>
Irving Langmuir

USA

General Electric Company
Schenectady, NY, USA
b.1881
d.1957

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1934
"for his covery of heavy hydrogen"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1934/urey.jpg>
Harold Clayton Urey

USA

Columbia University
New York, NY, USA
b.1893
d.1981

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1935
"in recognition of their synthesis of new radioactive elements"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1935/joliot.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1935/joliot-curie.jpg>
Frédéric Joliot Irène Joliot-Curie
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
France France

Institut du Radium
Paris, France Institut du Radium
Paris, France
b.1900
d.1958 b.1897
d.1956

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1936
"for his contributions to our knowledge of molecular structure through his investigations on dipole moments and on the diffraction of X-rays and electrons in gases"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1936/debye.jpg>
Petrus (Peter) Josephus Wilhelmus Debye

the Netherlands

Berlin University; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut (now Max-Planck-Institut) für Physik
Berlin, Germany
b.1884
d.1966

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1937
"for his investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C" "for his investigations on carotenoids, flavins and vitamins A and B2"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1937/haworth.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1937/karrer.jpg>
Walter Norman Haworth Paul Karrer
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
United Kingdom Switzerland

Birmingham University
Birmingham, United Kingdom University of Zurich
Zurich, Switzerland
b.1883
d.1950 b.1889
d.1971

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1938
"for his work on carotenoids and vitamins"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1938/kuhn.jpg>
Richard Kuhn

Germany

University of Heidelberg; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut (now Max-Planck Institut) für Medizinische Forschung
Heidelberg, Germany
b.1900
(in Vienna, Austria)
d.1967
(Caused by the authorities of his country to decline the award but later received the diploma and the medal.)

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1939
"for his work on hormones" "for his work on polymethylenes and higher terpenes"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1939/butenandt.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1939/ruzicka.jpg>
Adolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt Leopold Ruzicka
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
Germany Switzerland

Berlin University
Berlin, Germany; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut (now Max-Planck-Institut) für Biochemie
Berlin-Dahlem, Germany Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich)
Zürich, Switzerland
b. 1903
d. 1995 b. 1887
(in Vukovar, then Austria-Hungary)
d. 1976
(Caused by the authorities of his country to decline the award but later received the diploma and the medal.)

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1940
The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1943
"for his work on the use of isotopes as tracers in the study of chemical processes"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1943/hevesy.jpg>
George de Hevesy

Hungary

Stockholm University
Stockholm, Sweden
b.1885
d.1966

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1944
"for his covery of the fission of heavy nuclei"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1944/hahn.jpg>
Otto Hahn

Germany

Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut (now Max-Planck Institut) für Chemie
Berlin-Dahlem, Germany
b.1879
d.1968

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1945
"for his research and inventions in agricultural and nutrition chemistry, especially for his fodder preservation method"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1945/virtanen.jpg>
Artturi Ilmari Virtanen

Finland

Helsinki University
Helsinki, Finland
b.1895
d.1973

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1942
The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1946
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1946/sumner.jpg>
"for his covery that enzymes can be crystallized"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1946/northrop.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1946/stanley.jpg>
"for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form"
James Batcheller Sumner John Howard Northrop Wendell Meredith Stanley
1/2 of the prize 1/4 of the prize 1/4 of the prize
USA USA USA

Cornell University
Ithaca, NY, USA Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research
Princeton, NJ, USA Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research
Princeton, NJ, USA
b.1887
d.1955 b.1891
d.1987 b.1904
d.1971

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1947
"for his investigations on plant products of biological importance, especially the alkaloids"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1947/robinson.jpg>
Sir Robert Robinson

United Kingdom

Oxford University
Oxford, United Kingdom
b.1886
d.1975

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1948
"for his research on electrophoresis and adsorption analysis, especially for his coveries concerning the complex nature of the serum proteins"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1948/tiselius.jpg>
Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius

Sweden

Uppsala University
Uppsala, Sweden
b.1902
d.1971

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1949
"for his contributions in the field of chemical thermodynamics, particularly concerning the behaviour of substances at extremely low temperatures"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1949/giauque.jpg>
William Francis Giauque

USA

University of California
Berkeley, CA, USA
b.1895
d.1982

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1950
"for their covery and development of the diene synthesis
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1950/diels.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1950/alder.jpg>
Otto Paul Hermann Diels Kurt Alder
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
Federal Republic of Germany Federal Republic of Germany

Kiel University
Kiel, Federal Republic of Germany Cologne University
Cologne, Federal Republic of Germany
b.1876
d.1954 b.1902
d.1958

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1951
"for their coveries in the chemistry of the transuranium elements"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1951/mcmillan.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1951/seaborg.jpg>
Edwin Mattison McMillan Glenn Theodore Seaborg
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
USA USA

University of California
Berkeley, CA, USA University of California
Berkeley, CA, USA
b.1907
d.1991 b.1912
d.1999

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1952
"for their invention of partition chromatography"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1952/martin.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1952/synge.jpg>
Archer John Porter Martin Richard Laurence Millington Synge
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
United Kingdom United Kingdom

National Institute for Medical Research
London, United Kingdom Rowett Research Institute
Bucksburn (Scotland), United Kingdom
b.1910
d.2002 b.1914
d.1994

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The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1953
"for his coveries in the field of macromolecular chemistry"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1953/staudinger.jpg>
Hermann Staudinger

Federal Republic of Germany

University of Freiburg; Staatliches Institut für makromolekulare Chemie (State Research Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry), Freiburg
Breisgau, Federal Republic of Germany
b.1881
d.1965

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1954
"for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1954/pauling.jpg>
Linus Carl Pauling

USA

California Institute of Technology
Pasadena, CA, USA
b.1901
d.1994

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1955
"for his work on biochemically important sulphur compounds, especially for the first synthesis of a polypeptide hormone"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1955/vigneaud.jpg>
Vincent du Vigneaud

USA

Cornell University
New York, NY, USA
b.1901
d.1978

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1956
"for their researches into the mechanism of chemical reactions"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1956/hinshelwood.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1956/semenov.jpg>
Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
United Kingdom USSR

Oxford University
Oxford, United Kingdom Institute for Chemical Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR
Moscow, USSR
b.1897
d.1967 b.1896
d.1986

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1957
"for his work on nucleotides and nucleotide co-enzymes"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1957/todd.jpg>
Lord (Alexander R.) Todd

United Kingdom

University of Cambridge
Cambridge, United Kingdom
b.1907
d.1997

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1958
"for his work on the structure of proteins, especially that of insulin"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1958/sanger.jpg>
Frederick Sanger

United Kingdom

University of Cambridge
Cambridge, United Kingdom
b.1918

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1959
"for his covery and development of the polarographic methods of analysis"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1959/heyrovsky.jpg>
Jaroslav Heyrovsky

Czechoslovakia

Polarographic Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Science
Prague, Czechoslovakia
b.1890
d.1967

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1960
"for his method to use carbon-14 for age determination in archaeology, geology, geophysics, and other branches of science"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1960/libby.jpg>
Willard Frank Libby

USA

University of California
Los Angeles, CA, USA
b.1908
d.1980

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1961
"for his research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1961/calvin.jpg>
Melvin Calvin

USA

University of California
Berkeley, CA, USA
b.1911
d.1997

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1962
"for their studies of the structures of globular proteins"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1962/perutz.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1962/kendrew.jpg>
Max Ferdinand Perutz John Cowdery Kendrew
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
United Kingdom United Kingdom

Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Cambridge, United Kingdom Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Cambridge, United Kingdom
b.1914
(in Vienna, Austria)
d.2002 b.1917
d.1997

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1963
"for their coveries in the field of the chemistry and technology of high polymers"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1963/ziegler.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1963/index.html>
Karl Ziegler Giulio Natta
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
Federal Republic of Germany Italy

Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung
Mülheim/Ruhr, Federal Republic of Germany Institute of Technology
Milan, Italy
b.1898
d.1973 b.1903
d.1979

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1964
"for her determinations by X-ray techniques of the structures of important biochemical substances"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1964/hodgkin.jpg>
Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin

United Kingdom

Royal Society, Oxford University
Oxford, United Kingdom
b.1910
d.1994

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1965
"for his outstanding achievements in the art of organic synthesis"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1965/woodward.jpg>
Robert Burns Woodward

USA

Harvard University
Cambridge, MA, USA
b.1917
d.1979

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1966
"for his fundamental work concerning chemical bonds and the electronic structure of molecules by the molecular orbital method"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1966/mulliken.jpg>
Robert S. Mulliken

USA

University of Chicago
Chicago, IL, USA
b.1896
d.1986

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1967
"for their studies of extremely fast chemical reactions, effected by turbing the equlibrium by means of very short pulses of energy"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1967/eigen.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1967/norrish.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1967/porter.jpg>
Manfred Eigen Ronald George Wreyford Norrish George Porter
1/2 of the prize 1/4 of the prize 1/4 of the prize
Federal Republic of Germany United Kingdom United Kingdom

Max-Planck-Institut für Physikalische Chemie
Goettingen, Federal Republic of Germany Institute of Physical Chemistry
Cambridge, United Kingdom Royal Institution of Great Britain
London, United Kingdom
b. 1927 b. 1897
d. 1978 b. 1920
d. 2002

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1968
"for the covery of the reciprocal relations bearing his name, which are fundamental for the thermodynamics of irreversible processes
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1968/onsager.jpg>
Lars Onsager

USA

Yale University
New Haven, CT, USA
b.1903
(in Oslo, Norway)
d.1976

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1969
"for their contributions to the development of the concept of conformation and its application in chemistry"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1969/barton.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1969/hassel.jpg>
Derek H. R. Barton Odd Hassel
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
United Kingdom Norway

Imperial College of Science and Technology
London, United Kingdom Kjemisk Institutt, Oslo University
Oslo, Norway
b.1918
d.1998 b.1897
d.1981

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1970
"for his covery of sugar nucleotides and their role in the biosynthesis of carbohydrates"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1970/leloir.jpg>
Luis F. Leloir

Argentina

Institute for Biochemical Research
Buenos Aires, Argentina
b.1906
d.1987

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1971
"for his contributions to the knowledge of electronic stucture and geometry of molecules, particularly free radicals"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1971/herzberg.jpg>
Gerhard Herzberg

Canada

National Research Council of Canada
Ottawa, Canada
b.1904
(in Hamburg, Germany)
d.1999

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1972
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1972/anfinsen.jpg>
"for his work on ribonuclease, especially concerning the connection between the amino acid sequence and the biologically active conformation"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1972/moore.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1972/stein.jpg>
"for their contribution to the understanding of the connection between chemical structure and catalytic activity of the active centre of the ribonuclease molecule"
Christian B. Anfinsen Stanford Moore William H. Stein
1/2 of the prize 1/4 of the prize 1/4 of the prize
USA USA USA

National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, MD, USA Rockefeller University
New York, NY, USA Rockefeller University
New York, NY, USA
b.1916
d.1995 b.1913
d.1982 b.1911
d.1980

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1973
"for their pioneering work, performed independently, on the chemistry of the organometallic, so called sandwich compounds"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1973/fischer.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1973/wilkinson.jpg>
Ernst Otto Fischer Geoffrey Wilkinson
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
Federal Republic of Germany United Kingdom

Technical University
Munich, Federal Republic of Germany Imperial College
London, United Kingdom
b.1918 b.1921
d.1996

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1974
"for his fundamental achievements, both theoretical and experimental, in the physical chemistry of the macromolecules"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1974/flory.jpg>
Paul J. Flory

USA

Stanford University
Stanford, CA, USA
b.1910
d.1985

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1975
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1975/cornforth.jpg>
"for his work on the stereochemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1975/prelog.jpg>
"for his research into the stereochemistry of organic molecules and reactions
John Warcup Cornforth Vladimir Prelog
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
United Kingdom and Australia Switzerland

University of Sus
Brighton, United Kingdom Eidgenössiche Technische Hochschule Zürich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich)
Zurich, Switzerland
b.1917 b.1906
(in Sarajevo, then Bosnia)
d.1998

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1976
"for his studies on the structure of boranes illuminating problems of chemical bonding"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1976/lipscomb.jpg>
William N. Lipscomb

USA

Harvard University
Cambridge, MA, USA
b.1919

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1978
"for his contribution to the understanding of biological energy transfer through the formulation of the chemiosmotic theory
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1978/mitchell.jpg>
Peter D. Mitchell

United Kingdom

Glynn Research Laboratories
Bodmin, United Kingdom
b.1920
d.1992

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1979
"for their development of the use of boron- and phosphorus-containing compounds, respectively, into important reagents in organic synthesis
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1979/brown.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1979/wittig.jpg>
Herbert C. Brown Georg Wittig
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
USA Federal Republic of Germany

Purdue University
West Lafayette, IN, USA University of Heidelberg
Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany
b.1912
(in London, United Kingdom) b.1897
d.1987

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1977
"for his contributions to non-equilibrium thermodynamics, particularly the theory of sipative structures"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1977/prigogine.jpg>
Ilya Prigogine

Belgium

Université Libre de Bruxelles
Brussels, Belgium; University of Texas
Austin, TX, USA
b.1917
(in Moscow, Russia

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1980
"for his fundamental studies of the biochemistry of nucleic acids, with particular regard to recombinant-DNA"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1980/berg.jpg>
for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1980/gilbert.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1980/sanger.jpg>
Paul Berg Walter Gilbert Frederick Sanger
1/2 of the prize 1/4 of the prize 1/4 of the prize
USA USA United Kingdom

Stanford University
Stanford, CA, USA Biological Laboratories
Cambridge, MA, USA MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Cambridge, United Kingdom
b.1926 b.1932 b.1918

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981
"for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1981/fukui.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1981/hoffmann.jpg>
Kenichi Fukui Roald Hoffmann
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
Japan USA

Kyoto University
Kyoto, Japan Cornell University
Ithaca, NY, USA
b.1918
d.1998 b.1937
(in Zloczov, Poland

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1982
"for his development of crystallographic electron microscopy and his structural elucidation of biologically important nuclei acid-protein complexes"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1982/klug.jpg>
Aaron Klug

United Kingdom

MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Cambridge, United Kingdom
b.1926
(in Zelvas, Lithuania

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1984
"for his development of methodology for chemical synthesis on a solid matrix"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1984/merrifield.jpg>
Robert Bruce Merrifield

USA

Rockefeller University
New York, NY, USA
b.1921

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1983
"for his work on the mechanisms of electron transfer reactions, especially in metal complexes"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1983/taube.jpg>
Henry Taube

USA

Stanford University
Stanford, CA, USA
b.1915
(in Saskatoon, Canada)

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1985
"for their outstanding achievements in the development of direct methods for the determination of crystal structures"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1985/hauptman.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1985/karle.jpg>
Herbert A. Hauptman Jerome Karle
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
USA USA

The Medical Foundation of Buffalo (now Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute, Inc.)
Buffalo, NY, USA US Naval Research Laboratory
Washington, DC, USA
b.1917 b.1918

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1986
"for their contributions concerning the dynamics of chemical elementary processes"

<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1986/herschbach.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1986/lee.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1986/polanyi.jpg>
Dudley R. Herschbach Yuan T. Lee John C. Polanyi
1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize
USA USA Canada

Harvard University
Cambridge, MA, USA University of California
Berkeley, CA, USA University of Toronto
Toronto, Canada
b.1932 b.1936
(in Hsinchu, Taiwan) b.1929

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1987
"for their development and use of molecules with structure-specific interactions of high selectivity"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1987/cram.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1987/lehn.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1987/pedersen.jpg>
Donald J. Cram Jean-Marie Lehn Charles J. Pedersen
1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize
USA France USA

University of California
Los Angeles, CA, USA Université Louis Pasteur
Strasbourg, France; Collège de France
Paris, France Du Pont
Wilmington, DE, USA
b.1919
d.2001 b.1939 b.1904
(in Fusan, Korea)
d.1989

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1988
"for the determination of the three-dimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction centre"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1988/deisenhofer.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1988/huber.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1988/michel.jpg>
Johann Deisenhofer Robert Huber Hartmut Michel
1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize
Federal Republic of Germany Federal Republic of Germany Federal Republic of Germany

Howard Hughes Medical Institute
Chevy Chase, MD, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, TX, USA Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie
Martinsried, Federal Republic of Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysik
Frankfurt/Main, Federal Republic of Germany
b.1943 b.1937 b.1948

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1989
"for their covery of catalytic properties of RNA"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1989/altman.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1989/cech.jpg>
Sidney Altman Thomas R. Cech
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
USA and Canada USA

Yale University
New Haven, CT, USA University of Colorado
Boulder, CO, USA
b.1939 b.1947

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1991
"for his contributions to the development of the methodology of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1991/ernst.jpg>
Richard R. Ernst

Switzerland

Eidgenössiche Technische Hochschule Zürich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich)
Zurich, Switzerland
b.1933

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1992
"for his contributions to the theory of electron transfer reactions in chemical systems"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1992/marcus.jpg>
Rudolph A. Marcus

USA

California Institute of Technology
Pasadena, CA, USA
b.1923
(in Montreal, Canada

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1990
"for his development of the theory and methodology of organic synthesis"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1990/corey.jpg>
Elias James Corey

USA

Harvard University
Cambridge, MA, USA
b.1928

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1993
"for contributions to the developments of methods within DNA-based chemistry"
"for his invention of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1993/mullis.jpg>
"for his fundamental contributions to the establishment of oligonucleiotide-based, site-directed mutagenesis and its development for protein studies"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1993/smith.jpg>
Kary B. Mullis Michael Smith
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
USA Canada


La Jolla, CA, USA University of British Columbia
Vancouver, Canada
b.1944 b.1932
(in Blackpool, United Kingdom)
d.2000

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1994
"for his contribution to carbocation chemistry
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1994/olah.jpg>
George A. Olah

USA

University of Southern California
Los Angeles, CA, USA
b.1927
(in Budapest, Hungary

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995
"for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1995/crutzen.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1995/molina.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1995/rowland.jpg>
Paul J. Crutzen Mario J. Molina F. Sherwood Rowland
1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize
the Netherlands USA USA

Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry
Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Cambridge, MA, USA University of California
Irvine, CA, USA
b.1933 b.1943
(in Mexico City, Mexico) b.1927

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1996
"for their covery of fullerenes
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1996/curl.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1996/kroto.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1996/smalley.jpg>
Robert F. Curl Jr. Sir Harold W. Kroto Richard E. Smalley
1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize
USA United Kingdom USA

Rice University
Houston, TX, USA University of Sus
Brighton, United Kingdom Rice University
Houston, TX, USA
b.1933 b.1939 b.1943

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997
"for their elucidation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1997/boyer.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1997/walker.jpg>
"for the first covery of an ion-transporting enzyme, Na+, K+ -ATPase
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1997/skou.jpg>
Paul D. Boyer John E. Walker Jens C. Skou
1/4 of the prize 1/4 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
USA United Kingdom Denmark

University of California
Los Angeles, CA, USA Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Cambridge, United Kingdom Aarhus University
Aarhus, Denmark
b.1918 b.1941 b.1918

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1998
"for his development of the density-functional theory"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1998/kohn.jpg>
"for his development of computational methods in quantum chemistry
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1998/pople.jpg>
Walter Kohn John A. Pople
1/2 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
USA United Kingdom

University of California
Santa Barbara, CA, USA Northwestern University
Evanston, IL, USA
b.1923
(in Vienna, Austria) b.1925

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1999
"for his studies of the transition states of chemical reactions using femtosecond spectroscopy"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1999/zewail.jpg>
Ahmed H. Zewail

Egypt and USA

California Institute of Technology
Pasadena, CA, USA
b.1946

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2000
"for the covery and development of conductive polymers
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/2000/heeger.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/2000/macdiarmid.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/2000/shirakawa.jpg>
Alan J. Heeger Alan G. MacDiarmid Hii Shirakawa
1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize
USA USA Japan

University of California
Santa Barbara, CA, USA University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA, USA University of Tsukuba
Tokyo, Japan
b.1936 b.1927 b.1936

[Tucurie]

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2001
for their work on chirally catalysed hydrogenation reactions"
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/2001/knowles.jpg>
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/2001/noyori.jpg>
for his work on chirally catalysed oxidation reactions
<img border='0' alt='image'src=http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/2001/sharpless.jpg>
William S. Knowles Ryoji Noyori K. Barry Sharpless
1/4 of the prize 1/4 of the prize 1/2 of the prize
USA Japan USA


St. Louis, MO, USA Nagoya University
Nagoya, Japan Scripps Research Institute
La Jolla, CA, USA
b. 1917 b. 1938 b. 1941

[Tucurie]

Tóm tắt danh sách những nhà Hoá Học đoạt giải Nobel:



2001 William S. Knowles, Ryoji Noyori, K. Barry Sharpless

2000 Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid, Hii Shirakawa

1999 Ahmed H. Zewail

1998 Walter Kohn, John A. Pople

1997 Paul D. Boyer, John E. Walker, Jens C. Skou

1996 Robert F. Curl Jr., Sir Harold W. Kroto, Richard E. Smalley

1995 Paul J. Crutzen, Mario J. Molina, F. Sherwood Rowland

1994 George A. Olah

1993 Kary B. Mullis, Michael Smith

1992 Rudolph A. Marcus

1991 Richard R. Ernst

1990 Elias James Corey

1989 Sidney Altman, Thomas R. Cech

1988 Johann Deisenhofer, Robert Huber, Hartmut Michel

1987 Donald J. Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn, Charles J. Pedersen

1986 Dudley R. Herschbach, Yuan T. Lee, John C. Polanyi

1985 Herbert A. Hauptman, Jerome Karle

1984 Robert Bruce Merrifield

1983 Henry Taube

1982 Aaron Klug

1981 Kenichi Fukui, Roald Hoffmann

1980 Paul Berg, Walter Gilbert, Frederick Sanger

1979 Herbert C. Brown, Georg Wittig

1978 Peter D. Mitchell

1977 Ilya Prigogine

1976 William N. Lipscomb

1975 John Warcup Cornforth, Vladimir Prelog

1974 Paul J. Flory

1973 Ernst Otto Fischer, Geoffrey Wilkinson

1972 Christian B. Anfinsen, Stanford Moore, William H. Stein

1971 Gerhard Herzberg

1970 Luis F. Leloir

1969 Derek H. R. Barton, Odd Hassel

1968 Lars Onsager

1967 Manfred Eigen, Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, George Porter

1966 Robert S. Mulliken

1965 Robert Burns Woodward

1964 Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin

1963 Karl Ziegler, Giulio Natta

1962 Max Ferdinand Perutz, John Cowdery Kendrew

1961 Melvin Calvin

1960 Willard Frank Libby

1959 Jaroslav Heyrovsky

1958 Frederick Sanger

1957 Lord (Alexander R.) Todd

1956 Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov

1955 Vincent du Vigneaud

1954 Linus Carl Pauling

1953 Hermann Staudinger

1952 Archer John Porter Martin, Richard Laurence Millington Synge

1951 Edwin Mattison McMillan, Glenn Theodore Seaborg

1950 Otto Paul Hermann Diels, Kurt Alder

1949 William Francis Giauque

1948 Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius

1947 Sir Robert Robinson

1946 James Batcheller Sumner, John Howard Northrop, Wendell Meredith Stanley

1945 Artturi Ilmari Virtanen

1944 Otto Hahn

1943 George de Hevesy

1942 The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section

1941 The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section

1940 The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section

1939 Adolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt, Leopold Ruzicka

1938 Richard Kuhn

1937 Walter Norman Haworth, Paul Karrer

1936 Petrus (Peter) Josephus Wilhelmus Debye

1935 Frédéric Joliot, Irène Joliot-Curie

1934 Harold Clayton Urey

1933 The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section

1932 Irving Langmuir

1931 Carl Bosch, Friedrich Bergius

1930 Hans Fischer

1929 Arthur Harden, Hans Karl August Simon von Euler-Chelpin

1928 Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus

1927 Heinrich Otto Wieland

1926 The (Theodor) Svedberg

1925 Richard Adolf Zsigmondy

1924 The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section

1923 Fritz Pregl

1922 Francis William Aston

1921 Frederick Soddy

1920 Walther Hermann Nernst

1919 The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section

1918 Fritz Haber

1917 The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section

1916 The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section

1915 Richard Martin Willstätter

1914 Theodore William Richards

1913 Alfred Werner

1912 Victor Grignard, Paul Sabatier

1911 Marie Curie

1910 Otto Wallach

1909 Wilhelm Ostwald

1908 Ernest Rutherford

1907 Eduard Buchner

1906 Henri Moissan

1905 Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer

1904 Sir William Ramsay

1903 Svante August Arrhenius

1902 Hermann Emil Fischer

1901 Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff